How African governments can navigate the cyber security conundrum

In the increasingly digital world we live in, the threat of cyber attacks looms large over African governments and enterprises. The need to set up proper policy frameworks and awareness remains critical if Africa is to tackle the ever-evolving cyber threats that pose a huge risk for the continent. CNBC Africa recently spoke to William Baraza, Chairman of the Africa Cyber Defense Forum, to shed light on the pressing issue of cybersecurity. Baraza highlighted the importance of developing awareness among industry players, policymakers, and academia to address the effects of cyber threats that continue to plague the continent. One of the key initiatives undertaken by the Africa Cyber Defense Forum is hosting a forum in Kigali to bring together key stakeholders for discussions on cyber threats over the next two days. Baraza emphasized the importance of sharing experiences, building harmonized frameworks, and deploying the right tools to monitor, reduce, and mitigate cyber threats effectively. Baraza identified three main cyber threats that African countries are facing. The first is ransomware, where attackers take control of systems and demand payment for releasing control. The second threat is phishing, where fake emails and information are used to exploit vulnerabilities in systems. The third threat is fraud, particularly targeting financial institutions, where internal compromise allows external hackers to access systems. The stakes are high for companies and institutions that fail to respond to emerging cybersecurity needs. Financial institutions risk losing significant amounts of money, which poses a threat to both customers and governments. Additionally, the issue of human trafficking is exacerbated by cybercrime, as fake information online lures vulnerable individuals into dangerous situations. Africa is losing billions of dollars due to fraudulent activities stemming from cybercrime, according to studies presented at the conference. Baraza emphasized the importance of creating awareness, developing skills, and building capacity to prevent cybercrime activities and protect both individuals and families from exploitation. In terms of interventions, Baraza noted that several African countries are making strides in the regulatory environment for cybersecurity. Rwanda has established an artificial intelligence policy framework, Zimbabwe has a data protection division, and Kenya has a data protection commission to safeguard citizens' data privacy. These efforts are crucial in safeguarding the continent's digital landscape and protecting individuals from cyber threats. As cyber threats continue to evolve, proactive measures and collaboration among stakeholders are imperative to ensure a secure digital environment for Africa. Strengthening policy frameworks, raising awareness, and investing in cybersecurity measures are vital steps towards mitigating the risks posed by cyber threats and safeguarding African governments and enterprises in the digital age.