<a href="https://www.cnbc.com/guy-kawasaki/">By Guy Kawasaki</a>



I’ve had a long and exciting journey — full of failures and successes — since I first started working at&nbsp;<a href="https://www.cnbc.com/2018/09/12/ex-apple-engineer-ken-kocienda-what-it-was-like-to-pitch-steve-jobs.html" class="">Apple</a>&nbsp;in 1983. I was part of the original Macintosh team and had two stints at the company (one from 1983 to 1987, and then from 1995 to 1997).



Ask people who worked at Apple when&nbsp;<a href="https://www.cnbc.com/2019/03/01/former-apple-employee-guy-kawasaki-once-stood-up-to-steve-jobs-here-is-the-amazing-response-he-received.html" class="">Steve Jobs</a>&nbsp;was around, and they’ll very bluntly tell you it wasn’t easy. There were days where he was impressed by my work, and there were days when I was certain he would fire me. But it was always exciting because we were on a mission to prevent totalitarianism. (You can read more about my adventures in my new book, “<a href="https://www.amazon.com/Wise-Guy-Lessons-Life-Kawasaki/dp/0525538615" class="">Wise Guy: Lessons from a Life</a>. ”)



I wouldn’t trade working for him for any job I’ve ever had — and I don’t know anyone in the Macintosh Division who would, either. My job as a software evangelist in the Macintosh Division defined my career.



Here are the top 11 life-changing lessons that I learned at Apple:



1. Only excellence matters



Jobs elevated women to positions of power long before it was cool or socially responsible to do so. He didn’t care about gender, sexual orientation, race, creed or color. He divided the world into two groups: “Insanely great people” and “crappy people.” It was that simple.



2. Customers can’t tell you what they need



In the early 1980s, Apple was selling Apple IIs. If you asked customers what they wanted, they would say a bigger, faster and cheaper Apple II. No one would have asked for a Mac.



3. Innovation happens on the next curve



Macintosh was the next curve in personal computing. It wasn’t merely an improvement to the Apple II or MS‑DOS curve. Innovation isn’t making a slightly better status quo. It’s about jumping to the next curve.



4. Design counts



It may not count for everyone, but design counts for many people. Jobs was obsessed with great design. He drove us nuts with his attention to detail, but that is what made Apple successful.



5. Less is more



One of the key tenets of Jobs’ obsession with design was the belief that less is more. He was the minimalist’s minimalist. You can even see this in his slides: They had dark blue or black backgrounds with 90 to 190 point text and no more than a handful of words.



6. Big challenges beget big accomplishments



The goal of the Macintosh Division was preventing totalitarianism and worldwide domination by <a class="" href="https://www.cnbc.com/2019/04/03/ibm-ai-can-predict-with-95-percent-accuracy-which-employees-will-quit.html">IBM</a>. Merely shipping yet another computer was never the goal.



7. Changing your mind is a sign of intelligence



When Jobs announced the iPhone, it was a closed programming system to ensure that it was safe and reliable. A year later, he opened it up to third-party apps, and iPhone sales skyrocketed. This was a 180 degree reversal and a sign of intelligence and courage.



8. Engineers are artists



Jobs treated engineers like artists. They weren’t cogs in a machine whose output was measured in lines of code. Macintosh was an artistic expression by engineers whose palette was software and hardware design.



9. Price and value are not the same thing



No one ever bought a Macintosh based on price. Its true value became evident only when you factored in the lower requirements for support and training. Jobs didn’t fight on price, but he won on value.



10. But value isn’t enough



Many products are valuable, but if your product isn’t also unique or differentiated in some way, you have to compete on price. You can succeed this way — as Dell did, for example. But if you truly want to “dent the universe,” your product needs to be both unique and valuable.



11. Some things need to be believed to be seen



Innovators ignore naysayers to get the job done. The “experts” told Jobs he was wrong many times — for example, Macintosh, iPod, iPhone and Apple retail stores. It’s not that Jobs was always right, but sometimes, you need to believe in something in order to see it.



I hope that everyone has at least one chance to work for someone as brilliant as Steve Jobs. It won’t be easy, but what doesn’t end your career makes it stronger.



<a href="https://guykawasaki.com/" class="">Guy Kawasaki</a>&nbsp;is the chief evangelist of&nbsp;<a href="https://www.canva.com/" class="">Canva</a>. Previously, Kawasaki was chief evangelist of Apple. He has written fifteen books, including ”<a href="https://www.amazon.com/Art-Start-Time-Tested-Battle-Hardened-Starting/dp/B001PNLKJG" class="">The Art of the Start</a>, ” ”<a href="https://www.amazon.com/Selling-Dream-Guy-Kawasaki/" class="">Selling the Dream</a>&nbsp;” and his latest, ”<a href="https://www.amazon.com/Wise-Guy-Lessons-Life-Kawasaki/dp/0525538615" class="">Wise Guy: Lessons from a Life.</a>&nbsp;” Follow him on Twitter&nbsp;.



*This is an adapted excerpt from ”<a class="" href="https://www.amazon.com/Wise-Guy-Lessons-Life-Kawasaki/dp/0525538615">Wise Guy: Lessons from a Life</a>, ” by Guy Kawasaki, and with permission of Portfolio, an imprint of Penguin Publishing Group, a division of Penguin Random House LLC.



This article was first published by CNBC <a href="https://www.cnbc.com/2019/04/05/apple-steve-jobs-divided-people-into-2-groups-insanely-great-and-crappy-people-says-ex-employee-guy-kawasaki.html">https://www.cnbc.com/2019/04/05/apple-steve-jobs-divided-people-into-2-groups-insanely-great-and-crappy-people-says-ex-employee-guy-kawasaki.html</a> and is republished with its permission.

Guy Kawasaki: At Apple, Steve Jobs divided people into 2 groups—‘insanely great’ and ‘crappy’

DAR ES SALAAM (Reuters) &#8211; The International Monetary Fund lowered its forecast for Tanzania’s economic growth this year and in 2020 to around 4 percent from a previous forecast.



In its World Economic Outlook, released on Tuesday, the Fund also predicted the East African nation’s consumer price inflation will reach 3.5 percent this year and edge up to 4.5 percent in 2020.



Tanzania’s economy will expand at 4 percent this year then accelerate slightly to 4.2 percent next year, from an estimated 6.6 percent in 2018, the Fund said in its forecasts.



In January last year, the IMF said it expected Tanzania’s economy to grow at 6–7 percent over the medium term if the country hiked capital spending and improved its business environment.



Tanzania relies heavily on mining, tourism and telecommunications for state revenues and foreign exchange earnings.



The government forecasts the economy will grow 7.3 percent in 2019 after an estimated 7.2 percent expansion last year, helped by public infrastructure investments.



Reporting by Fumbuka Ng&#8217;wanakilala; Editing by Elias Biryabarema and George Obulutsa, Catherine Evans

Here’s why the IMF cut this East African country’s 2019 economic growth forecast to 4 %

HARARE (Reuters) &#8211; Zimbabwe appealed on Tuesday for $613 million in aid from local and foreign donors to cover food imports and help with a humanitarian crisis after a severe drought and a cyclone that battered the east of the country.



An El Nino-induced drought has wilted crops across Zimbabwe and left about a third of its 15 million people in need of food assistance, according to a U.N. agency.



The situation was worsened when Zimbabwe, along with Mozambique and Malawi, were last month battered by Cyclone Idai, leaving hundreds of thousands needing food, water and shelter.



An appeal document given to reporters by the ministry of information showed the government is seeking about $300 million in aid for food while the rest would fund emergency shelters, logistics and telecommunications among other needs.



Hundreds of people have died in Mozambique and Malawi and the death toll in Zimbabwe was now 344.



Meanwhile, Information Minister Monica Mutsvangwa said the cabinet had hiked the maize price paid to farmers by 86 percent to $232 a tonne and maintained a subsidy for millers in a bid to keep the price of the staple maize meal down.



In February, Zimbabwe scrapped a 1:1 peg between the U.S. dollar and the bond notes and electronic dollars it introduced to compensate for its hard currency shortage, merging the surrogate currencies into the RTGS dollar.



Mutsvangwa said farmers would be paid 726 RTGS dollars ($232), up from 390 RTGS dollars.



The RTGS dollar was trading at 3.12 to the U.S. dollar on Tuesday on the bank market and at 4.4 on the black market.



The government is the sole buyer and seller of maize in Zimbabwe through the state-owned Grain Marketing Board.



Reporting by MacDonald Dzirutwe; Editing by Mark Heinrich

What you need to know about Zimbabwe seeking $613 million in aid after the country was hit by drought and Cyclone Idai

<a href="https://www.cnbc.com/tom-popomaronis/">By Tom Popomaronis</a>



What’s the secret to a&nbsp;<a href="https://www.cnbc.com/2019/02/21/95-year-old-billionaire-charlie-munger-says-the-secret-to-a-long-and-happy-life-is-so-simple.html" class="">long, happy and successful life</a>? That seems to be a question we ask ourselves over and over.



<a href="https://www.cnbc.com/2019/03/12/amazon-billionaire-jeff-bezos-explains-why-the-smartest-people-change-their-minds-often.html" class="">Amazon CEO Jeff Bezos</a>&nbsp;has shared his thoughts on this very topic&nbsp;<a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jwG_qR6XmDQ" class="">many times</a>&nbsp;— and he might just be onto something.



“When you are 80-years-old, and in a quiet moment of reflection narrating for only yourself the most personal version of your life story, the telling that will be most compact and meaningful will be the series of choices you have made,” Bezos said in his 2010&nbsp;<a href="https://www.princeton.edu/news/2010/05/30/2010-baccalaureate-remarks" class="">commencement speech</a>&nbsp;at Princeton University.



The purpose of his speech, called “We Are What We Choose,” was to emphasize the difference between gifts and choices: “Cleverness is a gift, kindness is a choice. Gifts are easy — they’re given after all. Choices can be hard. You can seduce yourself with your gifts if you’re not careful, and if you do, it’ll probably be to the detriment of your choices.”



In other words, no matter how successful you become, what you’ll end up caring about the most in hindsight isn’t the number of zeroes in your bank account, but it’s the choices you made to get where you are.



But without the benefit of hindsight, how can we tell if we’re on a path that we’ll be proud of when we look back on our lives 10, 20 or 30 years from now?



The constant struggle of making choices



In his talk, Bezos recounted the period of time in which he first came up with the idea to start an online bookstore business (which would later become what the entire world now knows as Amazon).



At the time, he knew that moving forward with the idea would be a very risky move.



Bezos even asked his boss, who he said was “brilliant” and “much admired,” for advice. He was told that although it “sounded like a very good idea, it would be an even better idea” if Bezos didn’t already have a good job.



“It really was a difficult choice, but ultimately, I decided I had to give it a shot. I didn’t think I’d regret trying and failing. And I suspected I would always be haunted by a decision to not try at all,” Bezos said. “After much consideration, I took the less safe path to follow my passion, and I’m proud of that choice.”The ‘perfect’ choice doesn’t exist



The truth in life is that we’ll all make choices we end up regretting. It’s called&nbsp;failure, and failure can be a good thing because it teaches us how to be better. But as we grow older, our goal should be to minimize the number of failures that lead to regret.



“In the end, we are our choices. Build yourself a great story,” he said towards the end of his speech.



To build a great story, Bezos offered 12 questions and urged everyone to think deeply about them:



<ol class="wp-block-list"><li>How will you use your gifts?</li><li>What choices will you make?</li><li>Will inertia be your guide, or will you follow your passions?</li><li>Will you follow dogma, or will you be original?</li><li>Will you choose a life of ease, or a life of service and adventure?</li><li>Will you wilt under criticism, or will you follow your convictions?</li><li>Will you bluff it out when you’re wrong, or will you apologize?</li><li>Will you guard your heart against rejection, or will you act when you fall in love?</li><li>Will you play it safe, or will you be a little bit swashbuckling?</li><li>When it’s tough, will you give up, or will you be relentless?</li><li>Will you be a cynic, or will you be a builder?</li><li>Will you be clever at the expense of others, or will you be kind?</li></ol>



While these questions don’t provide a foolproof recipe for happiness, they can guide us in making choices that will ultimately help us live a life we’re proud of.



Not all of us will end up reaching the same height of success as Bezos, a self-made billionaire and the richest person in the world. But there’s no reason we can’t — or shouldn’t — challenge ourselves to build a story worth telling.



Tom Popomaronis is a commerce expert and proud Baltimore native. Currently, he is the Senior Director of Product Innovation at the <a class="" href="https://rhawkinsgroup.com/">Hawkins Group</a>. His work has been featured in Forbes, Fast Company and The Washington Post. In 2014, he was named one of the “40 Under 40” by the Baltimore Business Journal. Follow him on <a class="" href="https://www.linkedin.com/in/tpopomaronis/">LinkedIn</a> and Twitter .



This article was first published by CNBC <a href="https://www.cnbc.com/2019/04/05/amazon-billionaire-ceo-jeff-bezos-ask-yourself-these-12-questions-to-live-a-long-happy-life.html">https://www.cnbc.com/2019/04/05/amazon-billionaire-ceo-jeff-bezos-ask-yourself-these-12-questions-to-live-a-long-happy-life.html</a> and is republished with its permission.

Billionaire Jeff Bezos: To live a happy life with no regrets by age 80, ask yourself these 12 questions

NAIROBI (Reuters) &#8211; Dry weather across much of Kenya is likely to curb its economic growth this year, the World Bank said on Tuesday, cutting its forecast to 5.7 percent growth. 



Kenya’s economy expanded by an estimated 5.8 percent last year, the bank said in its latest report on the country, as the country recovered from a slowdown the year before caused by another drought and election jitters.



“The medium-term growth outlook is stable but recent threats of drought could drag down growth,” the World Bank said.



The latest forecast is down from a 5.8 percent projection in October.



“Risks include drought conditions that could curtail agricultural output, especially if the country’s grain-growing counties are affected,” the bank said.



The so-called long rains season from March till May hasn’t started in most of the country. Agriculture accounts for close to a third of Kenya’s annual economic output.



If the government fails to meet its revenue collection targets, the economy could face more risk from macroeconomic instability, the bank said in the report.



Externally, Kenya faces risks from global trade tensions, which could cut its exports and the funds sent home by Kenyans abroad.



“An unanticipated spike in oil prices, and tighter global financial market conditions &#8230; could lead to a disorderly adjustment of capital outflows from Kenya,” the report said.



Kenya’s current account deficit narrowed to 4.9 percent of gross domestic product in 2018 from 6.3 percent in 2017, the bank said. The deficit was financed by both government and capital inflows, it said, increasing the central bank’s hard currency reserves.



“This continues to provide a comfortable buffer against external short-term shocks,” it said.



The World Bank, which is one of Kenya’s biggest development financiers, urged the government to curb tax exemptions to boost revenue and to inject a dose of realism when forecasting revenue collection.



Critics have accused the government of overly optimistic revenue forecasts in recent years, to justify increased spending. The government has regularly failed to meet those targets.



There was no immediate comment from the ministry of finance.



The government should also end caps on commercial lending rates imposed in 2016, which continue to compromise the effectiveness of monetary policy, the World Bank said.



“There is need to repeal interest rate caps and restore the potency of monetary policy, which is essential in responding to shocks,” it said in the report.



Reporting by Duncan Miriri, editing by Larry King

World Banks says drought is expected to drag down this East African country’s 2019 economic growth

By Josh Adler 



April 15, 2019, will hopefully mark the day a new phrase enters popular discourse about how our economic futures could play out. The term “4th Industrial Revolution” has come to embody the conversation around the supply-side of the jobs debate -skills and education. We hope to drive new research, discussion and policy around the demand-side of employment by deeply exploring entrepreneurship as a career -particularly for students of high potential. What if skilled students with options chose an entrepreneurship path and hired their friends and peers along the way? What does Africa’s youth employment situation look like if this happens? 



The Anzisha Scenario campaign concept was born after heated discussions and exchanges internally in response to a research paper that was released in 2018, and the resulting coverage it got in the media. The research took a position that older founders in the US have been more successful as entrepreneurs generally, and particularly when it comes to scale and job creation. The ensuing media and social media coverage seemed to quickly extrapolate this to an insight that applied globally. Emails quickly circulated across the entrepreneurship and education ecosystems echoing the sentiments of the research and its impact for programming. 



I had a particularly strong reaction to the report. It’s not that the research is wrong (it isn’t), it’s that it:



<ul class="wp-block-list"><li>Is pretty obvious. Prior work, life and management experience should make you a better entrepreneur when you’re older, in the same way it should make you a more successful manager or leader within an existing business.</li><li>Inadvertently positions the problem of youth unemployment as largely unsolvable by young people themselves. But with not enough job opportunities to start with, if only people with 15+ years&#8217; experience can create other jobs, we’re in a heap of trouble.</li><li>Is quickly supported by those who have followed traditional education and career pathways, crowding out other experience pathways as less legitimate. Anyone who got a great degree, and then worked for a great company, is immediately validated and pre-qualified as a better scale entrepreneur through formal training. Few have that opportunity. </li></ul>



Having had this research kick off some of our own thinking, we started to look at our own evidence and work. And this then became the next driver of investing in a campaign as a pan-African, inclusive, multi-stakeholder scenario planning exercise. 



We have seen, time and again, young entrepreneurs start out from the very youngest of ages, and slowly build careers –in the same way any other career professional would. Those that are well supported throughout tend to be more successful, just as a well-supported professional would be on their path to senior management. We will be presenting these stories in a Hall of Fame campaign later in the year.



We also have seen clear evidence that managers hire from their peer group in terms of age. Older entrepreneurs hire older professionals. Young entrepreneurs hire young. The only people really willing to hire 19 year old’s without question are 23 year old entrepreneurs (or thereabouts).



 We have seen young people of high potential and with options &#8211; they are actively recruited by universities and employers &#8211; choose entrepreneurship. The combination of this and many other thoughts is part of the discussion we want to have. Is the Anzisha Scenario possible? What are the drivers, barriers and opportunities? What are the roles of parents, teachers, students, policy-makers and other stakeholders in making the choice of “entrepreneurship as a career” desirable and supported, with appropriate income as you grow? The Anzisha Scenario as a conversation on campus has already begun to influence our own curriculum planning as our faculty think about their role in promoting and supporting entrepreneurship as a career path. 



We’ve already had two stakeholder workshops with cross-sector representatives from South Africa, Mauritius, Egypt, Rwanda, Kenya, Zimbabwe and Botswana. (Thanks to ALA, ALU, ALX, Harambee, Allan Gray Orbis Foundation, Driven Entrepreneurs, E-squared, Imagine Scholar, McKinsey, Nova Pioneer, RLabs, and Startup Academy. 



On April 15, during the inaugural Very Young Entrepreneur Education and Acceleration Summit, we’ll host our first experts’ panel and launch the draft position paper. Please follow or contribute to the conversation using the hashtag #AnzishaScenario. Make sure to also watch highlights from the Summit at anzisha.org/summit. Let’s see if we as a community can put young people at the center of solving the employment challenges we collectively face.

This Summit is gearing towards a future driven by Africa’s youngest entrepreneurs

TRIPOLI/BENGHAZI, Libya (Reuters) &#8211; Eastern Libyan forces sought to reach the centre of Tripoli on Monday after their easy advance through desert hit a trickier urban phase, with deaths and displacements mounting and the West aghast at the threat to its peace plan.



Renewed civil war in Libya, splintered into areas of factional control since the 2011 overthrow of Muammar Gaddafi. threatens to disrupt oil and gas supplies, trigger more migration to Europe, and allow Islamist militants to exploit the chaos.



The eastern Libyan National Army (LNA) forces of Khalifa Haftar, a former officer in Gaddafi’s army, said 19 of their soldiers had died in recent days as they closed in on the internationally recognised government in Tripoli.



The United Nations said 2,800 people were displaced by clashes and many more could flee, though some were trapped.



The LNA has made air strikes on the south of the city as it seeks to advance into the centre from the disused airport.



But the Tripoli government of Prime Minister Fayez al-Serraj, which reported 11 deaths without specifying on which side, has armed groups arriving from nearby Misrata to block the LNA.



Al-Serraj, 59, who comes from a wealthy business family, has run the Tripoli government since 2016 as part of a U.N.-brokered deal boycotted by Haftar.



The LNA, allied with a parallel eastern administration based in Benghazi, took the oil-rich south of Libya earlier this year before its surprisingly fast push towards the coastal capital.



While that advance was straightforward through mostly sparsely populated areas, taking Tripoli is a far bigger challenge.



<h3 class="wp-block-heading">U.S. AND U.N. APPEAL FOR TRUCE</h3>



The violence has thrown into doubt a U.N. plan for an April 14-16 conference to plan elections as a way out of the anarchy since the Western-backed toppling of Gaddafi eight years ago.



U.S. Secretary of State Mike Pompeo made the latest international appeal for talks to end the fighting.



“We have made clear that we oppose the military offensive by Khalifa Haftar’s forces and urge the immediate halt to these military operations against the Libyan capital,” he said.



A contingent of U.S. forces evacuated at the weekend.



The U.N. mission to Libya called on Sunday for a truce for two hours in southern Tripoli to evacuate civilians and wounded, but it did not appear to have been heeded.



Haftar casts himself as a foe of extremism but is viewed by opponents as a new dictator in the mould of Gaddafi, whose four-decade rule saw torture, disappearances and assassinations.



Haftar enjoys the backing of Egypt and the United Arab Emirates, which see him as a bulwark against Islamists and have supported him militarily, according to U.N. reports.



Forces with the Tripoli government have announced an operation to defence the capital called “Volcano of Anger”.



Allied groups from Misrata down the coast have been moving pickup trucks fitted with machine guns into Tripoli.



The LNA says it has 85,000 men but this includes soldiers paid by the central government that it hopes to inherit. Its elite force, Saiqa (Lightning), numbers some 3,500, while Haftar’s sons also have well-equipped troops, LNA sources say.



Since NATO-backed rebels ousted Gaddafi, Libya has been a transit point for hundreds of thousands of migrants trekking across the Sahara in hope of reaching Europe across the sea.



Reporting by Ahmed Elumami and Ayman al-Warfalli; Additional reporting by Ulf Laessing in Cairo, Tom Miles in Geneva, Diane Bartz in Washington; Writing by Andrew Cawthorne; Editing by Kevin Liffey

What you need to know about the civil war in Libya

ADDIS ABABA (Reuters) &#8211; Ethiopian inflation rose to 11.2 percent in the year to March, the statistics bureau said on Saturday.



Year-on-year inflation was 10.9 percent in February.



The rise was mainly due to an increase in the price of cereals in the food basket, and non-food items such as house rent, fuel such as charcoal and wood, and transport, the bureau said.



Writing by Katharine Houreld; Editing by Mark Potter

Ethiopia’s inflation rises to 11.2 % in year to March, what you need to know…

PARIS (Reuters) &#8211; President Emmanuel Macron has appointed researchers to carry out a two-year investigation into the role of the French army in the Rwandan genocide that is still a source of tension between Paris and Kigali 25 years later. 



The nine-member commission will have access to presidential, diplomatic, military and intelligence archives, the French presidency said on Friday, after Macron met members of an association supporting survivors of the genocide.



“The goal is to deliver a report which will be published in two years time &#8230; and will be accessible to all. It will scientifically evaluate, on the basis of archives, the role that France played in Rwanda from 1990 to 1994,” the presidency said.



Macron’s predecessor François Hollande declassified presidential archives on the subject in 2015, but researchers have complained that only a fraction of the classified documents have surfaced and say a conclusive account on the role played by France is yet to be produced.



Rwandan President Paul Kagame has accused Paris of being complicit in the bloodshed in which Hutu militias killed around 800,000 Tutsis and moderate Hutus.



While Paris has acknowledged mistakes in its dealings with Rwanda, it has repeatedly dismissed accusations that it trained militias to take part in the massacre.



However, during a visit to Rwanda in 2010, then president Nicolas Sarkozy, did acknowledge France made “a serious error of judgment, a sort of blindness when we didn’t foresee the genocidal dimensions of the government”.



The two countries broke off diplomatic ties in 2006 after a Paris judge accused Kagame and nine aides of shooting down former president Juvenal Habyarimana’s plane in April 1994 — the catalyst for the massacre. Rwanda rejected the charges.



During that 2010 trip, Sarkozy also said a French rescue mission in under a U.N. mandate to provide safe zones, had been too little and too late. The killing started in April 1994, and the French arrived in June.



The two countries eventually restored diplomatic ties in November 2009, but Rwanda has long called on Paris to pursue genocide fugitives living on French soil.



The presidential statement said the French court dealing with Rwandan genocide cases would receive additional resources to speed up the judicial process.



The announcement of commission comes against the backdrop of commemorations marking 25 years since the genocide.



The French president will not attend official commemorations of the massacre on Sunday. He will be represented by Hervé Berville, a Tutsi survivor of the genocide who is a member of French parliament from Macron’s ruling party.



French high schools will start teaching the Rwandan genocide from September 2020.



Writing by Julie Carriat; Editing by Bate Felix and Alison Williams

What was the role of France in the Rwandan genocide ? President Macron appoints researchers to investigate

JOHANNESBURG (Reuters) &#8211; South African retailer Steinhoff has again delayed release of its 2017 and 2018 financial statements, saying that complexities in the process were slowing the work of external auditor Deloitte, sending its shares down more than 4 percent.



The retailer said it had made “significant efforts” but its 2017 group financial statements would not be released until May 7 and its 2018 statements would be delayed until June 18. Both had been expected in mid-April.



“We sincerely regret this further delay,” Chief Financial Officer Philip Dieperink said in a statement to the stock exchange, adding that the company and Deloitte believe that the new timeline is achievable.



Steinhoff has repeatedly delayed publication of its accounts after a $7.4 billion accounting fraud that stunned investors in the multinational retailer that had been at the vanguard of the European discount furniture retail industry.



While a summary of an investigation by auditor PwC released last month has shed some light on what happened, shareholders are still hungry for more information on the scandal and an indication of how much Steinhoff’s remaining assets are worth.



Steinhoff added that said the revised timetable would be likely to affect the timing of its 2019 interim results, currently scheduled for late June, and that a new date would be given in due course.



The 2017 and 2018 results for its wholly owned subsidiary, Steinhoff Investment Holdings, will be released on June 28, the company said.



Reporting by Emma Rumney; Editing by David Goodman

Steinhoff again delays release of financial statements sending its shares down

By <a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/jeffrey-w-paller-195503">Jeffrey W Paller</a>, <a href="http://theconversation.com/institutions/university-of-san-francisco-2073">University of San Francisco</a>

Cyclone Idai tore through Zimbabwe, Malawi, and Mozambique and devastated local communities. Hundreds were <a href="https://www.africanews.com/2019/03/29/mozambique-malawi-zimbabwe-braced-for-cyclone-idai/#Echobox=1553645248">killed</a> and more than a million people were displaced.

Much of this devastation occurred in southern Africa’s rapidly growing coastal cities. The city of <a href="https://mg.co.za/article/2019-03-22-00-cyclone-idai-after-the-floods-the-famine-and-then-more-of-the-same">Beira in Mozambique</a>, which faces rising sea water, was nearly wiped out entirely. 

How do African cities grow and develop in a sustainable way to confront climate change?

The <a href="https://www.brookings.edu/blog/africa-in-focus/2019/03/23/africa-in-the-news-cyclone-idai-47-billion-for-climate-finance-and-power-shortages-in-south-africa/">international community</a> and African governments are aware of the emerging challenges of climate change. Beira, for example, <a href="https://apnews.com/b95c3aa3521e45f196574d949b585931">invested $120 million </a> in a drainage and water detention project to deal with rising seawater. 

But <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2019/mar/28/mozambique-mayor-cyclone-deaths-negligence-idai-rural">mismanagement</a> and booming population growth continues to place pressure on cities’ poor infrastructure. Therefore, people in Africa who live in urban areas are often forced to confront climate change <a href="https://africasacountry.com/2019/03/africans-are-largely-on-their-own-facing-climate-change?fbclid=IwAR0FB5_D5cDVMDvpCEl9DmG9_TetjiKFhPTdvtTlg2fh03Y0pON36Zb8GM0">on their own</a>.

My new book <a href="https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/democracy-in-ghana/20E72D3CCE54A8636AC900430C9F2C47">Democracy in Ghana: Everyday Politics in Urban Africa</a> suggests that people in Africa who live in urban areas confront these challenges in a contentious political environment. The distribution of resources and the building of infrastructure take place in a political struggle over control of the city. In particular, informal settlement and claims to urban space continue to structure everyday politics in Africa’s cities.

During my fieldwork, I found that urban development is shaped by relationships between those who claim they’re from a particular place – or indigeneity – and the rest. Groups native to a territory hold special rights and entitlements. The relationship between the hosts and migrants often dictate the politics of neighbourhoods.

These forms of everyday politics boil over into multi-party politics and municipal governance. Focusing on everyday politics can help explain why public policies are enacted, but also why powerful interest groups undermine policies that might improve the public good.

<h2>The case of Accra</h2>

In my view the everyday politics of urban neighbourhoods can help explain why the capture of public goods for private gain, and sustained ethnic politics continue to undermine urban development. Sustainable urban development, therefore, is not just a technical endeavour. It requires local political solutions.

Take Accra, Ghana, where I conducted my fieldwork. Like Beira, Accra faces <a href="https://www.scidev.net/global/policy/news/rising-sea-levels-threaten-ghana-s-coastal-communities-1.html">rising sea levels</a>. It also faces a <a href="https://unhabitat.org/books/ghana-accra-urban-profile/">growing population living in substandard conditions</a>, and <a href="http://floodlist.com/africa/ghana-floods-accra-june-2018">annual flooding</a> that displaces residents and often kills several people. 

Accra’s squatter settlement Old Fadama – called Sodom and Gomorrah by locals – is often <a href="https://www.myjoyonline.com/news/2015/june-27th/blaming-june-3-floods-on-old-fadama-residents-reckless-irresponsible-pratt.php">blamed for the floods</a>. Residents in the neighbourhood have settled in what authorities deem an uninhabitable, marshy swampland. They are accused of disposing their waste in the surrounding Korle Lagoon, which some blame for drainage problems across the entire city.

But the <a href="http://www.currenthistory.com/Paller-CH_May_2017.pdf">scapegoating of Old Fadama is political</a>. 

Accra Metropolitan Assembly officials appointed by the President are responsible for managing the city for all residents. But many have close ties to powerful local chiefs who want to reclaim the “invaded land” from migrant squatters. 

Powerful indigenous families rally support from neighbouring citizens, especially those in the oldest quarters of the city who see incoming migrants as a threat to their control of the city. Politicians magnify this dispute in Parliament, hoping to score cheap political points. 

The most problematic <a href="https://www.ohchr.org/Documents/Issues/EPoverty/Ghana/AmnestyInternational.docx">consequence</a> is the undermining of collective decision-making and cross-ethnic interactions in the neighbourhoods themselves. Leaders and residents are forced to <a href="https://www.zedbooks.net/shop/book/state-of-slum/forthcoming/">govern themselves in the absence of the state</a>. And they are able to <a href="https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/02723638.2016.1191792">mobilise residents in the event of a demolition or eviction threat</a>. But the development of long-term, pro-poor, decision-making pathways are compromised for short-term solutions and personalistic politics.

<h2>The case of Ashaiman</h2>

It does not have to be this way. The case of Ashaiman, a rapidly growing city outside Tema, a port city near Accra, provides an example of what can happen when leaders from diverse ethnic groups come together to govern themselves.

Ashaiman started as a squatter settlement in the 1960s. Indigenous landowners and migrant leaders agreed on land distribution at the early stages of urban development. This partnership has been tested throughout Ashaiman’s history, but residents constantly negotiate and renegotiate these agreements.

Today, while Ashaiman’s leaders certainly have their political differences, they are on the same side in their demand for improvements to the city. And they are on the same side of the <a href="https://www.files.ethz.ch/isn/155825/2012-08-10_Vol11_N01_Political_Accountability_in_Ghanaian_Slums_Evidence_from_the_Grassroots.pdf">fight for more local autonomy</a>. This collective strength is an important ingredient in local communities’ ability to confront challenges like climate change in the future.

<h2>Community engagement</h2>

<a href="http://daldrich.weebly.com/uploads/1/5/5/0/15507740/aldrich_et_al-2018-journal_of_contingencies_and_crisis_management.pdf">Evidence from other parts of the world</a> shows that social capital and community engagement is central to building resilient cities and combating climate change. 

Even in Cyclone Idai, some communities with <a href="http://atavist.mg.co.za/the-malawian-villages-that-took-on-the-floods-and-survived">strong, proactive leaders and collective action capacity</a> prepared for the floods and were able to thwart disaster.

The international community, central governments, and municipal authorities must support sustainable development policies. But their success depends on the implementation and management by residents in the very neighbourhoods most affected by climate change.<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" src="https://counter.theconversation.com/content/114625/count.gif?distributor=republish-lightbox-basic" alt="The Conversation" width="1" height="1" style="border: none !important; box-shadow: none !important; margin: 0 !important; max-height: 1px !important; max-width: 1px !important; min-height: 1px !important; min-width: 1px !important; opacity: 0 !important; outline: none !important; padding: 0 !important; text-shadow: none !important" />

<a href="https://theconversation.com/profiles/jeffrey-w-paller-195503">Jeffrey W Paller</a>, Assistant professor, <a href="http://theconversation.com/institutions/university-of-san-francisco-2073">University of San Francisco</a>

This article is republished from <a href="http://theconversation.com">The Conversation</a> under a Creative Commons license. Read the <a href="https://theconversation.com/how-everyday-politics-shapes-the-way-african-cities-are-run-114625">original article</a>.

How African cities are run is largely shaped by everyday politics, what you need to know…

<a href="https://www.cnbc.com/lauren-thomas/">By Lauren Thomas</a>



Adidas is teaming with one of the world’s biggest superstars to market its sneakers and sweatshirts: Beyonce.



Adidas said Thursday the singer will be a “creative partner” for the brand and that she’ll help co-create new products, including performance gear, shoes and lifestyle apparel.



Beyonce launched her own activewear line — Ivy Park — in 2016, in a collaboration with fashion retailer Topshop. Beyonce later cut ties with Topshop following&nbsp;<a href="http://time.com/5434696/philip-green-britain-metoo-scandal/" class="">allegations of sexual misconduct, bullying and racial harassment</a>&nbsp;by billionaire Sir Philip Green, owner of Topshop parent Arcadia Group.



Now, she plans to relaunch Ivy Park with Adidas, remaining the owner of the brand.



“Adidas has had tremendous success in pushing creative boundaries,” Beyonce said in a statement. “We share a philosophy that puts creativity, growth and social responsibility at the forefront of business. I look forward to re-launching and expanding Ivy Park on a truly global scale with a proven, dynamic leader.”



Adidas has already&nbsp;<a href="https://www.cnbc.com/2018/11/07/adidas-ceo-says-working-with-kanye-west-extremely-successful.html" class="">found success in working with rapper Kanye West</a>&nbsp;on his Yeezy line. The retailer has said it plans to invest more in Yeezy, launching more products under that label. Some of Adidas’ other sneaker styles, like Stan Smith, are seen as falling out of fashion.



Other retailers, including some of Adidas’ rivals, are also tapping celebrities to push their products to more consumers. Sneaker maker Puma has an exclusive line with singer and actress Selena Gomez, as one example.



This article was first published by CNBC <a href="https://www.cnbc.com/2019/04/04/adidas-is-teaming-up-with-beyonce-on-sneakers-relaunch-of-ivy-park.html">https://www.cnbc.com/2019/04/04/adidas-is-teaming-up-with-beyonce-on-sneakers-relaunch-of-ivy-park.html</a> and is republished with its permission.

Adidas is teaming with Beyonce on sneakers and the relaunch of Ivy Park clothing

NAIROBI (Reuters) &#8211; Kenya’s economy should grow an improved 6.3 percent in 2019, President Uhuru Kenyatta said on Thursday, citing an improved business environment and his government’s push to boost manufacturing, food production and access to housing. 



Last year, growth was an estimated 6.1 percent, he said.



“We expect an even stronger growth &#8230; reflecting continued improvement in the business environment, momentum associated with execution of the Big Four Agenda, and sustained macroeconomic stability,” he told parliament.



The government also plans to boost output by setting up a credit guarantee scheme for small and medium businesses, he said in an annual state-of-the-nation address.



“We will be launching an SME Credit Guarantee Scheme in a few weeks, aimed at deepening their access to credit without being subjected to complex application procedures and collateral requirements,” Kenyatta said.



Small and medium businesses have been hardest hit since the government put a cap on commercial lending rates in late 2016.



At the time, lawmakers said they were concerned about high interest rates. But the cap led to a private credit squeeze, as banks said it forced them to cut back on high-risk loans.



With many Kenyans fed up of government corruption draining state coffers and distorting business and politics, Kenyatta reiterated a pledge to tackle graft.



“I must, however, caution that the pursuit of the corrupt will be undertaken strictly within the remits of the law – and not through vigilante justice and pitchfork protest,” he added.



The Directorate of Criminal Investigations is investigating what it said was fraudulent construction of two dams valued at 63 billion shillings ($626 million). Some payments were already made out despite the dams not being built.



The probe has seen three ministers, including the one in charge of finance, questioned by detectives.



They have all denied wrongdoing.



($1 = 100.6000 Kenyan shillings)



Additional reporting by Omar Mohammed; Editing by Andrew Cawthorne

Kenya’s president Kenyatta forecasts 6.3 % economic growth in 2019, what you need to know

<a rel="noreferrer noopener" target="_blank">Clement Uwiringiyimana</a>



AGAHOZO SHALOM YOUTH VILLAGE, Rwanda (Reuters) &#8211; Vicent de Paul Ruhumuriza was born in Rwanda just a few months before genocide consigned his father to an unknown grave and traumatized his mother so badly she still screams and shakes at any mention of that time. 



But, helped by a model of healing dating back to the Holocaust, the 25-year-old has finished his education and blended into a new family, where individuals grieving lost loved ones have rebuilt their lives by caring for each other.



“People should not be driven by the past,” the bearded young man told Reuters this week, as the country prepared to mark a quarter of a century since Hutu militias killed around 800,000 Tutsis and moderate Hutus. “I want to grow into someone who will benefit society.”



Seven years ago, Ruhumuriza’s life was on course to become another small tragedy in a nation where every family is touched by grief.



He and his mother lived in poverty. His father’s death in the genocide was a mystery &#8211; the only time he ever tried to ask about it, his mother had a breakdown.



“Other people &#8230; told how she was beaten, how she was tortured, got raped,” he said. “She became like a mad person. She got traumatized.”



<h3 class="wp-block-heading">THE PLACE WHERE TEARS ARE DRIED</h3>



Then, in 2014, just as Ruhumuriza was about to drop out, his school got in touch with the Agahozo Shalom Youth Village, whose Hebrew-Kinyarwandan name translates as “the place where tears are dried”.



The village was set up in 2008 by a South African-born lawyer, Anne Heyman, who had worked in the United States. Heyman and her husband raised more than $12 million to help care for families ripped apart by the genocide, taking their model from Israel’s Youth Villages, which created new families for children whose parents had died in the Holocaust.



Rwanda’s genocide, sparked by the assassination of the president, lasted around 100 days and stopped after rebels fought their way to the capital, led by Paul Kagame, Rwanda’s current ruler.



More than 95,000 children were orphaned, the United Nations estimates, and around 300,000 children were killed. For some of the survivors, Heyman’s village offered healing and purpose.



“Having 15 children around you can calling you Mama, and you helping them to conquer their past, that is a great contribution to the nation,” said Emeritha Mukarusagara, a slender, bespectacled 57-year-old with long braids who became a foster mother after being widowed in the genocide.



She spent months hidden by a neighbour, heavily pregnant, terrified and filled with grief for her murdered husband. She keeps his picture on her phone but still cannot discuss his death.



Since then, she has fostered dozens of vulnerable children, including Ruhumuriza, who needed families.



<h3 class="wp-block-heading">NEW PURPOSE</h3>



A shy teenager, he arrived into a large, boisterous community where children live 15 to a house, watched over by a strict but loving foster parent they are all encouraged to call Mama. It was strange to call another woman Mama, he said. It was even stranger to have a brother. He liked it.



Ruhumuriza threw himself into his studies, becoming the school president, learning about Steve Jobs, and forming a deep bond with his foster mother. When he graduated and found a job in the construction industry, and a steady paycheck, he asked her what he should do with it.



Go home, she said. Build a house for the lonely woman who gave birth to you.



“Now my mother lives in the house I built,” he said proudly. “Mama Emeritha is one of my cornerstones &#8230; she is one of the best advisors I have.”



Ruhumuriza is one of more 850 children who has passed through the village’s 26 houses. But although the children of the genocide have grown up, many more come seeking refuge: those orphaned by accidents and disease. Refugees from Burundi. Children at risk of abuse.



Ruhumuriza, which was also the name of Mukarusagara’s murdered husband, has a special place in his foster mother’s heart.



“Every time I saw him, I remembered my dead husband. He was as kind as my husband,” she said with a sigh.



“At his wedding party, I will put on the best attire I have and sit next to his mother.”



Writing by Katharine Houreld; Editing by Robin Pomeroy

The Rwandan genocide orphans, now grown up, found a place where their tears were dried

JOHANNESBURG (Reuters) &#8211; The South African rand weakened early on Thursday, after a senior minister said the government was considering more financial support for the highly indebted utility Eskom.



At 0735 GMT, the rand slipped 0.3 percent from its previous close to 14.1900 against the dollar.



Public Enterprises Minister Pravin Gordhan said on Wednesday the highest levels of government were discussing another support package for the state-run Eskom, which in February was granted a 69 billion rand ($4.9 billion) bailout over the next three years.



Eskom Chairman Jabu Mabuza said on Wednesday that Eskom’s debt would be more manageable if it were 250 billion rand lower.



The South African currency had rallied earlier in the week after the ratings agency Moody’s delayed a review that might have removed South Africa’s last investment-grade credit rating, then struck a surprisingly positive note in a research report.



Stocks opened weaker on Thursday, with the Johannesburg Stock Exchange’s Top-40 Index and the All-Share Index both 0.4 percent lower.



Government bonds were also weaker, with the yield on the 2026 bond adding 1.5 basis points to 8.545 percent.



($1 = 14.2006 rand)



Reporting by Naledi Mashishi; editing by Alexander Winning, Larry King

South African rand weakens as government considers more financial support for Eskom

<a href="https://www.cnbc.com/kathleen-elkins/">By Kathleen Elkins</a>



The price of bitcoin&nbsp;<a href="https://www.cnbc.com/2019/04/02/bitcoin-rallies-14percent-to-its-highest-level-since-november-last-year.html" class="">surged more than 15 percent</a>&nbsp;on Tuesday and briefly crossed the $5,000 mark for the first time since mid-November. It’s still well below the all-time high it hit in December 2017 of near $20,000.



Other virtual currencies saw sudden price jumps, too: Ether and XRP both rose around 7 percent.



Before you start buying cryptocurrency, though, consider the advice of&nbsp;<a href="https://creativeplanning.com/peter-mallouk/" class="">Peter Mallouk</a>, certified financial planner and president of wealth management firm&nbsp;<a href="https://creativeplanning.com/" class="">Creative Planning</a>: “What we’re going to see, most likely, is, we’re going to see cryptocurrencies collapse.”



There are so many types of virtual currencies — like litecoin, ethereum, ripple and, of course, bitcoin — that “there’s no way that even a fraction of them can survive,” Mallouk, who is also author of&nbsp;<a href="https://www.barnesandnoble.com/w/the-5-mistakes-every-investor-makes-and-how-to-avoid-them-peter-mallouk/1119952320" class="">“The 5 Mistakes Every Investor Makes and How to Avoid Them,”</a>&nbsp;tells CNBC Make It.&nbsp;



“Is it possible that maybe one or two will work out in the future? Sure it is.” But, he says, “in the meantime,” if you buy cryptocurrency, “you get no income. It’s not a real investment. It’s speculation.”



Instead, invest in “things that are going to pay you to own them,” he says. “Own real estate, where you’re collecting rent. Own stocks, where you’re collecting dividends. Own bonds, where you’re collecting yield.”



As a general rule of thumb, “You don’t want to own something that’s not going to pay you,” says Mallouk.



If you’re excited by blockchain, the technology behind cryptocurrency, there are ways to invest in that besides buying crypto, he adds: “There are companies that are very heavily investing in blockchain and you can buy those companies — companies like IBM and Accenture.”



And “companies like Walmart are using it to develop ways to run their inventory,” he adds. “That’s the way to play blockchain technology — not by trying to buy cryptocurrency.”



Keep in mind, he continues, that while “blockchain technology is real and you’ve got big companies like IBM and Accenture and others investing in it, that doesn’t mean that bitcoin is going to work out or ripple is going to work out,” says Mallouk. “The TV worked out, but everything that comes out of it, we don’t want to watch. Palm and Blackberry were fantastic, but Apple came in and took them out. Lycos and Excite were here before Google.”’’You don’t want to own something that’s not going to pay you.Peter Mallouk CERTIFIED FINANCIAL PLANNER, AUTHOR.



He’s not the only expert who has warned against buying into digital currency.



In 2017, CNBC’s Jim Cramer said that bitcoin is&nbsp;<a href="https://www.cnbc.com/2017/12/06/cramer-bitcoin-like-monopoly-money-better-off-gambling-in-vegas.html" class="">a pure gamble</a>&nbsp;and “kind of like Monopoly money. Obviously, there’s people who use it. If you ever say anything bad about it, there’s like this bitcoin mafia that comes after you. But it is an oddity that has nothing to do with us” as investors.



“It’s just pure gambling at this point,” the market expert continued on<a href="https://www.cnbc.com/squawk-box-us/" class="">“Squawk Box.”</a>&nbsp;“I mean, if you want to gamble, go to Vegas. Vegas is fabulous.”



And JPMorgan Chase CEO Jamie Dimon said that bitcoin&nbsp;<a href="https://www.cnbc.com/2017/09/12/jpmorgan-ceo-jamie-dimon-raises-flag-on-trading-revenue-sees-20-percent-fall-for-the-third-quarter.html" class="">“is a fraud”</a>&nbsp;at the Delivering Alpha conference presented by CNBC and Institutional Investor in 2017. “It’s just not a real thing, eventually it will be closed.”



He added, at a separate conference organized by Barclay, “It’s worse than tulip bulbs. It won’t end well.”



This article was first published by CNBC <a href="https://www.cnbc.com/2019/04/02/dont-buy-bitcoin-says-wealth-manager-peter-mallouk.html">https://www.cnbc.com/2019/04/02/dont-buy-bitcoin-says-wealth-manager-peter-mallouk.html</a> and is republished with its permission.

Don’t buy bitcoin, warns wealth manager: We’re likely ‘going to see cryptocurrencies collapse’

JOHANNESBURG &#8211; (Reuters) &#8211; Activity in South Africa’s private sector contracted sharply in March, a survey showed on Wednesday, with firms citing electricity blackouts as the main drag on business.



IHS Markit’s Purchasing Managers’ Index (PMI) slipped to 48.8 from February’s 50.2 as falls in new orders and employment saw output contract by the most in four months.



The reading was below the 50-point mark separating expansion from contraction for the sixth time in seven months.



Firms surveyed said interruptions to production were mainly due to rolling electricity blackouts. South Africa was plunged into stretches of darkness lasting hours in March as faults at state utility Eskom’s coal-fired power stations squeezed supply.



“The promise shown by February’s data was quickly overturned in March &#8230; Companies squarely lay the blame at frequent power cuts due to load-shedding at Eskom, leading to lower activity for those affected,” sad IHS Markit economist David Owen.



“As a result, firms reported an unprecedented fall in selling charges, highlighting their striving to recover sales.”



Cost inflation, a measure of the growth in price of manufacturing inputs like labour, water and power, was at a record low, reflecting prolonged weak demand due to subdued consumer confidence.



Large South African retailers including supermarket giant Shoprite have indicated they are reluctant to pass on price increases to customers, instead extending discount promotions that keep store price inflation well below national rates.



mfuneko.toyana.thomsonreuters.com@reuters.net))

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This Summit is gearing towards a future driven by Africa’s youngest entrepreneurs

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Ethiopia’s inflation rises to 11.2 % in year to March, what you need to know…

What was the role of France in the Rwandan genocide ? President Macron appoints researchers to investigate

Steinhoff again delays release of financial statements sending its shares down

How African cities are run is largely shaped by everyday politics, what you need to know…

Adidas is teaming with Beyonce on sneakers and the relaunch of Ivy Park clothing

Kenya’s president Kenyatta forecasts 6.3 % economic growth in 2019, what you need to know

The Rwandan genocide orphans, now grown up, found a place where their tears were dried

South African rand weakens as government considers more financial support for Eskom

Don’t buy bitcoin, warns wealth manager: We’re likely ‘going to see cryptocurrencies collapse’

Here’s why activity in South Africa’s private sector contracted sharply in March

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